Method of forming an incandescent gas-mantle.



PATENTED FEB. 26, 1907.

d. M. LUNGREN. METHOD 0F FORMING AN INGANDESCENT GAS MANTLE.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

APPLIGATION FILED AUG. 12. 1904.

y @VWM/woz e11rr-3v Mm r.. .w

. PATEN'IVEDFEB. 26, 1907.

- c.'IIL-LUNGREII. A

-METHOD 0F FORMING AN INGANDESCET GAS MANTLE.'

.APPLICATION FILED AUG. 12,'1904.

2 SHAEI'ITB-SH'EBT 3.

Nm www www 0000000100 v IMM' ' clear, andexact description, such as will en.-

i claimed herein.

vthat. said mantle, although it may be burned vconveniently and y UNITED STAT as. PATENT oEErGE,

lCHARLES M. LNGEEN, or BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, AssIGNoR To THE SAFETY CAR .HEATING & LIGHTING COMPANY, Oli NEW YORK, N. Y., A

4CORPORATION O F NEW JERSEY.

`mETHoD' -o r= FoRMlNe. AN INCANDESCENT GAS MANTLE.'

Specification of Letters Patent. Appiimifm tied August 12, 1904. serial No. 220.474.

Patented Feb. 26, 1907.

To all' whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES MARSHALL LUNGREN, residing at Bayonne, in thecounty of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Methods of Forming Incandescent. Gas-'Mantles,' of which thefollowing is a full,

able others skilled in the art towhich it appertains to make and use the same.

This 'nvention relates to a method of forming a mantle for use in connection with gasburners.

The mantle as an article is shown, described, and claimed in my companion. application tiled of even date herewith and is not It maybe stated, however,

at any angle, is especially Iadapted' to be suspended from its point of support, it being provided'vith a thickened free end orcrown and a hardened supporting end.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide a' method whereby such a-mantle may be formed which will bei strengthened and reinforced at'parts which are subject to the greatest stresses and would .otherwise be most likely to break.

Another object is to` provide a method whereby an article of the above type may be made with a smooth and uniform surface.

Another object is to provide a method whereby articles of the above nat-ure'niay be ellcently forn're'd in any desiredshape.

Other objects will be in part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter.

This invention accordingly consists in the steps and the order and relation of one or more of the same to each ofthe others thereof, which will be exemplified in the process herein described and the scope of the application of' which will be indicated in the tdl lowing claims. Tn. the accompanying drawings, wherein areillustrated several of the steps'of this prot-ess, showing one of various possible forms of apparatus for carrying on the sam-c, Figure 1 is a sectional elevatipn of a mantle, together with the spool or other member fro m which it is supported. Fig. 2 is a similar i view showing a slightly dil'erent form ofi mantle. Fig. -3 is adiagrammatic view l showing one ofthe first steps of the process. Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic plan ofthe manner in which the end ofthe mantle may be closed. Fig. 5 shows a method of placing a fasteningstring or othersecuring device-about the.

base -of the same. Fig. 6 shows a mantle 'mounted upon its supporting-spool and disl tended in accordancewith one of the steps of the hereinafter-described process. Fig. 7'is a sin-.ilar view in whichthe distendinff means' 1s collapsed, so asf:- topermit w1 lidr'awal thereof.Av

Similar referenceV characters refer to lsimilar parts throughoutthe several views.

Itegerrlhg now to Fig. 3, 1 represents a mandrel. or wood or other desired material upon which is drawn a suitable length of fabric preferably woven, in tubular form.- Mandrel. 1 is provided with a-rounded upper end,

and the fabric 2 is slipped down 'slightly below the same and unraveled, so as to expose 4along itsupper edge a series of loo s 3, .the

thread which is unraveled being tie or made fast-in any desired manner. 'l'hroughloops 3 is inserted a thread or gathering-string,

which may be conveniently done by a needle,

as shown in the drawings. 1 'Ihe two ends of this thread are then drawn, so as to gather the vupper end ol" fabric 2, leaving a small opening at the e'nd.th e,reof, and the ends o f this thread are then tied. 'Ihis atheiing'of theend ofthe fabric is not carried to suchan ex'tent as entirely to close the end of' the same, as in that case the resulting wrinkles. are diilicult to remove. Such wrinkles as may. be present are now smoothed out -by pressing against the form or mandrel 1 over which the fabric is stretched, and the remaining o enlng above mentioned is'darned, substantia ly as shown in Fig. '4. xBy means of' the darning. the fabric iinmedlately surrounding the opening in the crown isthickcned toa-ny desired extent land the opening itself closed by any desired thickness of material. It may here be noted that by the word crown or apexis meant that end of the mantlewhich is remote from the part upon which the mantle is supported.

Withthe mantle in the above-form a string 5, preferablyo'f asbestos, is passed through the base'thereof, -as shown in Fig. 5, and drawn ti lrhtly,so as to press the l'abric intov an annu ar groove 6 in mandrel 1 at that IOO 5x5 'grootte-8 uponthespooland then--tiedl`- The 525 tent,-.dependngpartly 'n on the Ioriginal 35-sta1rdin the 'ch'f'iracten andcondition of the materia Witfh-thebagaor balloo'nffing 'its 55 ioal-formshownin Figss1,`6, Tand 7. It vwill posa: stefania is chentumesup @ver die asbestos string or cord 5 and sewed in lace and'. the frougha '.edgesiithereof trimme vfoil.

. AThe hqodfis thenreversedfplacing the string Y 5 5 with 'the'upturned portion'of the mantle upon the inside and leaving a smooth outer'.

surface -with .auniform edge at the bottom of' the same.- Ir' desire'd, the' crown of the hood vmay then beireinforced-by'mea'ns of addix'Q tionall darningu'pon the outer surace thereof. The hoodis then attached toa-'spool 'or othen supporting member 7', `by meansA 0:'Which it is, secu redt-toiv the l burner, --the Iends 'of the .bestospetringg belngfdrawn tightlyinto the` Aerisimpregnationthe hood-isshaped as z o followsvA Jtu'be 9,1 having- -rthereort a nag or rubherl orfssimilar.. material 10, is. inserted through- 'spool -.7.. and .-.by means of compressed airi-,orasimilanagoncyis expandedfso -as to 4fill and distend the mantle to any desired exsha e or' theihoodand'part yu on thes a' o ftlhegfdistending member`.' Als-will reoldiil);

notwithstandingthe shape ofthe mantleand- 3o the sizelotthe'same. Withrreference to the diamcter 'off-the opening-through the-spool.- Inthisf wayfl'am enabled-to--handle the wet :im-

distendedformzathmmantle 'fis dried` This stepgmaybe-carried onin..theair, if desired; butin orderfto save time .the'drying is pref 4o4 erablv '.iaccelerated bymeans. of inserting the ment cwi-th. the zba'lloon distended therein in an ovenorf. similarsource7 of-v heat; When 1 releasing the air-pressure'A therein 'and allow- 45 ing the same to\shrin k,-as is showninF' ..7 of the xlrawings;l and it 'may thenbe with rawn through the opening in -Lthe i spool -7. The

`mantle is atatlns stage-dried and=shaped andis inconditiomforsuch -furlth'er steps asfmay.

5o be necessary' to A=pre1`rare it for' use. These ste ..formzno ,part .of the resent invention an ,willnot'fbe herein described in detail.

In Fig; ,2 is shown a tubularform ofmantle,

as distinguishedrorn theglobularior spher- 6 5 tubular .labriwA Where-,this is done the reinirorementgfffh endllfnay beprovided for .at the-time the hood is formed or may be accomplished manually; as. by the darning' step described.; I: ,A n Itwill thus be se'en that I have provided a 7c .-Inethodwhereby -amantle may be vformed 'which possesses 'a smooth outer surfaceand v1s remforc'edatsuch places as are 'exlposed to l thegrcatest-stresses' in use.- It wi also vbe 'seen vthat :the mantle may be formed'. and 75 driedzin accordance With this process in anyA ldesired Ashape-,a,single'piece of apparatus A serving the purpose ofI distendingmantlesof A various-sizesandA shapes.f The apparatusui's simple: and .inexpensive and the processmay L 8 0 vbe carried on f-by means vof-comparatlveiv unf ski-lledl bor, and't willgbe found "t01consumexii 'a coriiparatively short-space of timed" The' vadvantages of 'pressing the`l :fabrica against the Imandrel!upon which thezend -fis i8 5 closed, in @thatinequalities in the' surfacesl thereof may be thus smoothed-out and:the'wf l whole made to conform'to-the desiredfshapee,

will be readilyseen inconnection'iwithv-the-.e

above description.' Also the advantageof/--go applicantfs method f of y-inserting'1the*`rl ra'w" string; 'whereby Vfthe mantle r is smoothiy4l stretched or drawn. over@ the` :mandrel "by-:.1 means .fof :forcing thel stringdntothe: groove" y and wherebye an inwardly'turned edgef' ins: :95 c] uding thedraw-string; may lbe formed about d e the openendofthe mantle, are'sa'll of marked value. Other advantages 'will-z be vobviensr" 'from the vabove ilescril'itiom:of4 one imode fof practicingfmyiprocessq: 4 roo lAsmy` recess 'could-ibecarriedon-withm widelydi erent apparatus or by'mani ula-n.1A tionin-.whol-rorarta'nd" 'i d' other -rela-tionsg Wit out 'departing from'. the f'.

vscope ofmy invention intendthat all :matte: .n c 5 contained in the above. description or shown in lthe accompanying drawings' sha-ll be interv: preted 'as illustrative and notin a limitings sense-jf'.

Hav-ing described my' invention, what-l v1ro claim as ncw,and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is 1. The method of shaping a mantle which consists in inserting a member-therein, causing the sa'me first to increase in size toa di- :15 ameter greater than that of the openend of the mantle, and then todiminish in size and withdrawing said member. v l

2. The method of shaping a damp flexible: mcrnberwhich consists in insertingl a second -rzo flexible member, inllating said second flexibleV member drying said first-mentioned member and vdelating and 'Withdrawing the second-l -mentioned member.

in size, drying said mantle in distended conditionfandzwithdrawing thesame. 13o

, said mandrel so as sul'istantiallyto eliminate 4. The method of shaping a mantle which consists 1n inserting a rubber bag within the same, iiiflating said rubber bag so as fully to 4distend siid mantle, and deflatingand tended form, and defiating and i'vithdrawing said expansiblemember. Y

7. 'lhe methodof forming a mantle which comprises stretching a piece of fabric lwoven in tubular form over -a mandrel drawing together anddarn'ing one end of said fabric, and inserting and inflating a flexible .member within the said fabric so ,asto' distend th'e same, drying the same and deflating and withdrawing such flexible member.

S. 'lhe'method of forming a mantle which comprises stretching a piece of fabric over a l mandrel, drawing togetherand darnlng one end of said'fabric, pressing said fabric against inequalities in the surface ofsa-id fabric, inserting and inflatliig a flcxilileineinber within the same, drying said fabric, and deflating fabric adjacent the other end, forcing said' fabric into a groove in said mandrel by means of.said string, turning the free end of said l fabric against the remainder thereof` and roo and withdrawingsaid flexible member.

9. The inethod of forming a mantle which consists in stretching a piece of fabric over a mandrel, drawing together and dainiiig one end of said fabric to atliickness greater than that of the remainder-thereof, pressing said fabric against said mandrel so as substanti ally Vto eliminate inequalities in the surface of said fabric, im regnatiiig the resulting mantle, inserting a exi blc member within the same, inflating Said flexible member so as fully to distend said mantle, drying said mantle with said flexible member in inflated condition, and deflating and withdrawing said4 flexible member. *e

10. The method of forming a mantle which comprises stretching a piece of fabric overa mandrel, drawing togetherand darning one end of said fabric, placing a string about said'l fabric adjacent the other end, forcingsaid fabric into a groove in said mandrel by means of said string,-turning the free end of said fabric against the remainder thereof and makingthe same fast thereto, inserti a flexible member and inflating the same wit inthe rev gether and darni sulting mantle, and defiating and Withdrawing said flexible member. a

11. The method of forming a mantle which comprises stretching apiece of fabric woven in tubular form over a mandrel, drawing izoone end of said fabric to a an that of the remainder thickness greater thereof, pressing the resulting mantle .against said mandrel so. as substantially to eliminatev inequalitiesin the surface of said mantle, p lacin'g a string about said mantle adjacent tne upper end thereof, turning the free end of said `mantle ovier said string and against the remainder thereof and making the same A 7c f' fast thereto, reversing said mantle, inserting an expansible-member within the san'ie,'in ,flat-'ing said expansible member so as fully to., distend said mantle, drying saidmantle and defiating and withdrawing saidl expansible 7 5 .12. The method of forming a mantle which comprises exposing the same to the action of' an impregnating solution, inserting an exp ansible member, expanding the same so as to 8o entirelydistend said member, drying said -mantle in its extended form, anddefiating -and withdrawing said expansible member.

1.3. The method of forming a mantle which consists in'stretcliing a piece of fabricwoven 8 5 in tubular form over agmandrel,v drawing to" gether and darning one end of said'fabric, exposing the resulting mantle to theaction of' an' impregnati ng solutiominserting and inflatinga flexible member within said mantle so as 9o to distend lthe same, drying the same, ,andde flating and withdrawing said flexible member,

14. The'method'offoriiiing a mantle which consists. o f stretching a piece of fabric over a.

mandrel, drawing togetherfand darning oneA 95 end of said fabric,'placing a string aboutsaid making the. same fast thereto, exposing. the resulting mantle to the action of-an imp regnatinfir solution, inserting and infiating a fiexib emember, drying said, mantle, and deflating and withdrawing said flexible member. i o5 15. The method -of forming amantle, 'which consists in stretching it-over,a-man drel, reinforcing one end thereof so as to make it thicker than the bodyof the' remainder, pressing said mantle against said mandrel ASo i io as to substantially eliminate inequalities in the surface of saidmaiitle, impregnatmg said mantle and inserting a fiexible member within. the same, Ainflatiiii.; said flexible member so as to full f. distend said mantle, dryin saidb s i 5 which comprises placing the mantle u on aizo mandrel forming one en of 'greater thic ness than thatl of the remainder theref, pressing. the samea ainst said mandrel so as to substantially e iminate 'inequalities in the surface of said mantle,plaei a string about x25 said mantle adjacent one en thereof', turning 'he free end of said mantle over said string.

against the remainder thereof .and making the same fast thereto, reversing said mantle,

inserting an expansible member within the 13o the free end of said mantle against 'thefremander thereof andmakingl thefame fast thereto, exposing said mantle to thection of an imp re' noting @Intiem-'inserting and' in .atin a eXible member, 'drying' saldfmanfle and 'e'at'ng Y and' Wthclrawng'sai'd 'exible member.

18, The method-of fmingamnnowmeh A .mnpxvises dipping me @mem mention,- inserving an expansble member therein, while' the' 'same' is" in a.' moist condition; expdling thosame so' as' to -distendsaid manne, drying said; mantle'- imd contracting# and' 'removing sad'ex ansihle member.. 19. he method of-form'n'g`a 'r'n'an'tle''whichA compns'es fdippingthe same 'infafs'o'lt'itionr in- 'sertng the same ein'itiatable member while 'said' mantle isi 'ini inoistl conditiomn-f l manne, and earring-fund moving said in. flat'ale' member. Y

20. The. lneiahod pf forming amande which ftnpses inserting im expans'ble m'embr withn the means which is to form the mantle,

Vexpanding the same, drying said means upon sind erpansi'ble member, 'e'o'ntreting and- Wth'awngsaid 'eipn'sb'le 'member, and burning said mantle-forming mens.

21. The method of shap'n a mantle which comlrises insertimlr an jin a'table member wfithm the Ineens w ich is to for'rn the mantle,

inflatin'g the'same, dryngsaid' means about saidin'ated member, ,and defing and Wiih-- drawing said natable' member.

.22. Themethod ofshapin amande which comprises `'inserti-ri lan 'in atable member within Ehe mensw ich i's'tofrm the'mantle, iriatr. the' seme', `-c'irying said mewsabout ated-'rnmber, den-ating and'withir bhe-presen@ :of two witnesses. y 'CHARLIE-QM.. LUNGRN.

Witnesse's: H; SBU-ELL,

v H. SEAMAS. 

